This booklet highlights the democratic trends in the 19C, Jackson's early life, and his first presidential run, key issues in 1828, the Nullification issue, Native - American policy, renewing the character of the First National Bank and its debate.
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2. Champion of “King” the OR Andrew? “Common Man”?
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4. Voting Requirements in the Early 19c
5. Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860
6. Why Increased 3 Democratization? White male suffrage increased 3 Party nominating committees. 3 Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors. 3 Spoils system. 3 Rise of Third Parties. 3 Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.) 3 Two-party system returned in the 1832 election: Dem-Reps Natl. Reps.(1828) Whigs (1832) Republicans (1854) Democrats (1828)
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8. Jackson’s First Hermitage Residence • Born on the border of North and South Carolina in 1767 • Raised by a single mother in poverty
9. First Known Painting of Jackson, 1815
10. General Jackson During the Seminole Wars • Wars fought between the United States and the Seminole native Americans from 1817- 1818, again from 1835-1858, and finally from 1855-1858 • Jackson led the American troops into Florida to search for runaway slaves and the Native Americans that were helping them • These wars ultimately led to the addition of Florida to the United States
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12. The “Common Man’ss” Presidential Candidate
13. Jackson’s Opponents in 1824 Henry Clay John Quincy Adams John C. Calhoun [KY] [MA] [SC] William H. Crawford [GA]
14. Results of the 1824 Election AA Bargai n n??”” ••The The election election of of 1824 was was viewed viewed as as a a corrupt corrupt bargain because because many many believed believed that that John John Q. Q.
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16. Rachel Jackson •Did grieving for his wife distract Andrew Jackson from running a successful campaign? Final Divorce Decree
17. Jackson in Mourning for His Wife
18. 1828 Election Results
19. The Center of Population in the Country Moves WEST
20. The New “Jackson Coalition” 3 The Planter Elite in the South 3 People on the Frontier 3 State Politicians – spoils system 3 Immigrants in the cities.
21. Jackson’s Faith in the “Common Man” 3 Intense distrust of Eastern “establishment,” monopolies, & special privilege. 3 His heart & soul was with the “plain folk.” 3 Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon achievements.
22. The Reign of “King Mob” •Jackson was the first president to be of common birth, and actually invited the general public to his inauguration
23. Andrew Jackson as President
24. The “Peggy Eaton Affair•”Members of Jackson’s cabinet became so intrigued and distracted by the Peggy Eaton affair, that they could barely do their jobs • Ultimately led to the resignation of John C. Calhoun
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26. The Webster- Hayne Debate Sen. Daniel Sen. Robert Webster Hayne [MA] [SC]
27. 1830 Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable. Our Federal Union—it must be preserved. The Union, next to our liberty, most dear.
28. • Nullification crisis – Jackson favored states rights, but not if it lead to disunion • Webster-Hayne Debates • Force Bill – gave Pres. Authority to use military action in SC to enforce collection of tariffs – lowered tariff – no force necessary – for now… • Jackson did side with South on slavery
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30. 1832 Tariff Conflict 3 1828 --> “Tariff of Abomination” 3 1832 --> new tariff 3 South Carolina’s reaction? 3 Very upset – nullify tariff 3 Jackson’s response? 3 Threatened to invade South Carolina to make them follow the law 3 Clay’s “Compromise” Tariff? 3 Adopted to reduce tariff rates
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32. Indian Jackson’s Goal? Removal 3 1830 Indian Removal Act - Jackson sympathized with land hungry citizens - Forced resettlement of thousands of Native American 3 Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831) * “domestic dependent nation” * The courts sided with the Cherokee and voided all of Georgia’s laws dealing with the Cherokee 3 Worcester v. GA (1832) * white people do not need a license to be on Native American lands 3 Jackson: John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!
33. The Cherokee Nation After 1820
34. Indian Removal
35. Trail of Tears (1838- 1839)
36. Jackson’s Professed “Love” for Native Americans
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38. Jackson’s Use of Federal Power VETO 1830 Maysville Road project in KY [state of his political rival, Henry Clay]
39. The National Bank Debate Nicholas President Biddle Jackson
40. Opposition to the 2nd nd B.U.S. “Soft” “Hard” (paper) $ (specie) $ 3 state bankers felt 3 felt that coin was it restrained their the only safe banks from issuing currency. bank notes freely. 3 didn’t like any bank 3 supported rapid that issued bank economic growth notes. & speculation. 3 suspicious of expansion & speculation.
41. The “Monster” Is Destroyed! Destroyed! 3 “pet banks”? 3 1832 Jackson vetoed the extension of the 2nd National Bank of the United States. 3 1836 the charter expired. 3 1841 the bank went bankrupt!
42. The Downfall of of “Mother Bank””
43. An 1832 n: w”?
44. 1832 Election Results Main Issue?
45. The Specie Circular (1836) 3 “wildcat banks.” 3 buy future federal land only with gold or silver. 3 Jackson’s goal?
46. Results of the Specie Circular $ Banknotes loose their value. $ Land sales plummeted. $ Credit not available. $ Businesses began to fail. $ Unemployment rose. The Panic of 1837!
47. The 1836 Election Martin Van Buren “Old Kinderhook” [O. K.]
48. The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!
49. Andrew Jackson in Retirement
50. Photo of of Andrew Andrew Jackson Jackson in in 1844 1844 (one (one year year before before his his death) death) 1767 - 1845
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