This booklet describes foreign policy as a nation’s protocol for making and maintaining relations with foreign countries, also refers to the nation’s international goals and its strategies to achieve those goals.
1. Foreign Policy US Government
2. Using the list of foreign policy concerns, rank them in order of importance, 1= Very Important, Important, 2= Somewhat important, 3= Not Important National Defense (Security) Foreign Aid Human Rights concerns Arms Control Terrorism Private aid agencies Aid to developing Nations Free Trade Spread of Democracy Security of allies U.S. economic well-being Global economic stability Weapons of mass destruction
3. U.S. Foreign Policy Foreign policy is a nation’s protocol for making and maintaining relations with foreign countries. Refers to the nation’s international goals and its strategies to achieve those goals. FIVE GOALS U.S. Foreign Policy 1. National Security 2. Establishing free and open trade 3. Establishing world peace 4. Supporting democracy 5. Providing aid to people in need
4. How should foreign policy be applied? •For many years, isolationism main U.S. foreign policy •Today, U.S. practices internationalist approach • The idea of increasing cooperation throughout the world ◦ perceive threats to U.S. security and interests, what ever it takes to protect the U.S. VS. Internationalist Approach ◦ consider interests of other nations, defense of human rights, favor alliances
5. Tools of Foreign Policy -The President serves as the Chief Diplomat, and is charged with running U.S. Foreign Policy - Cabinet members, Intelligence agencies, Congress, Courts, and State and Local governments assist Three Tools 1. Diplomatic Tools 2. Economic Tools 3. Military Tools
6. Diplomatic Tools Diplomacy is the act of dealing with other nations, usually through negotiation and discussion ◦ Meetings between leaders ◦ Diplomatic messages ◦ World Organizations (NATO, United Nations) Approaches to Diplomacy ◦ Unilaterally: Nation acts alone without the assistance or consent of other nations ◦ Bilaterally: Nation works conjunction with another nation ◦ Multilaterally: Nation works conjunction with several nations
7. Economic Tools Economic Aid- Nations donating or loaning money to other countries to boost economic development ◦ Money is a powerful tool Military Aid- Nations donating, selling, or trading military equipment and technology to impact the military balance of power Economic Sanctions- Trade bans or restrictions on foreign aid
8. Military Tools Military Force- Nations use force or the threat of military force to achieve foreign policy goals ◦ Often involves stronger nations pressuring weaker nations to get what they want Deterrence- building up military force as a threat to warn another state not to pursue a particular course of action Example: Syrian and the use of chemical weapons
9. Foreign Policymakers The President- Commander in Chief, Chief Diplomat National Security Council- (NSC), led by the National Security Advisor, collection of security experts who are part of the White House Staff Department of State- Engages diplomacy with other nations Department of Defense- Coordinates the American military around the world Department of Homeland Security- Protects America from terrorist attacks Intelligence Agencies- CIA, NSA, DIA, Army, Navy and Air Force intelligence
10. U.S. Foreign Policy Concerns The United States values security and stability, both at home and abroad, and concern themselves with five specific areas 1. Terrorism 2. Nuclear proliferation 3. Free Trade 4. Humanitarianism 5. Environmental Issues
11. Think about this? Country X has annoyed the world community by bullying neighbors and developing weapons of mass destruction. After ten years of sanctions against Country X, the world community is proposing to end the sanctions. The United States disagrees with this proposal.
12. What should the United States Do? 1. What actions could the United States take to convince the other countries to maintain the sanctions? 2. Which action would be the most effective? Justify your choice. Include details and examples to support your answers.
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