This booklet describes the process of electing a government, depicts different scenarios in the elections, participation in democracy. It also discusses different methods and processes in the decision-making process.
1. 1 • SHOULD KNOW QUESTIONS 3/5/12, 3/6/12 • Shipbuilding, fishing and lumber were major products of which colonial region? • An economic system in which private individuals own and control the production of goods and compete for profits is called ___________. • Federalist Papers were a group of essays written in support of what document? • This document on foreign policy states that European countries should not interfere in North or South America. • This English document from 1215 states that the ideas of due process and the right to a speedy trial should be guaranteed to everyone.
2. Declaration of Sentiments • 1848-New York • Written by Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton • Seneca Falls Convention was organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton • Called for voting rights for all citizens. Women didn’t get this right for another 70 years. • In 1920, the 19th Amendment was passed and women got the right to vote. • It took the preamble from the D of I and changed it to, “We hold these truths to be self evident that all men and women are created equal.”
3. Presidential election
4. Agree or disagree? • Presidential elections involve many preliminary steps. • The general public votes for the president directly. • Americans are required to vote after they turn 18. • Anyone can run for president. • The winner of the election is announced in November.
5. The election process Step 1: Step 1: Candidates announce their intent to run for President a. Qualifications to be president: • Natural-born citizen •Law of the soil, law of the blood • At least 35 years old • Resident of U.S. for 14 years • Hasn’t served 2 consecutive terms
6. The election process: Step 2 Step 2: Candidates begin campaigning to win delegates from each state a. Delegate: a person sent to act on behalf of others b. Candidate: a person running for public office
7. Nonparty & Independent A. Varies by state---Independent candidates must collect signatures on a petition to get on the ballot B. Not eligible for public funds for their campaigns--must continue to fundraise independently. Ralph Nader: Ran as Independent in 2008
8. Step 3: Primaries and Caucuses A. States conduct primary elections or caucuses to award delegates 1. Caucus: Party leaders and supporters gather to discuss and choose a candidate for their party publicly. a. Iowa caucus is the first to kick off the process 2. Primary election: Members of a party cast secret ballots to see which candidate has the most support. a. Becoming more popular in recent years. b. New Hampshire holds the first primary
9. 10 states award delegates on this day: ABC News Super Tuesday Video
10. Step 4: National Conventions A. National political parties meet for conventions to select their nominees to run for president 1. Delegates gather from different states to choose a candidate for their political party. 2. The winner chooses a running mate (Vice President) and the delegates ratify the choice. 3. The party’s platform is announced. Includes the issues they will focus on for the campaign. • A main issue for Obama in 2008 was healthcare
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12. Step 5: Debates and General A. Debates are held before primary elections and after national conventions B. Candidates take positions on issues and share their beliefs on how they will improve the country 1. Helps to inform voters about each candidate and decide who they will vote for.
13. Step 5: Debates and General A. General elections are held the first Tuesday of November after the first Monday. B. Citizens who are registered to vote cast secret ballots. 1. Must be at least 18 years old, registered to vote (30 days in advance in Ohio), a U.S. citizen and not a convicted felon. C. These ballots decide how many electoral votes each candidate will get. D. The night of the general election, the POPULAR vote is reported. The candidate with the most popular votes does not necessarily win.
14. Step 6: The Electoral College A. The Electoral College has 538 members. 1. A state’s number of electors is determined by the number of representatives + number of senators. Ohio has 18 electors. B. In December, the Electors vote for a candidate based on the citizens’ will from the state they represent (though they are not required to) C. Candidates must get a majority of Electoral votes to win-- 270 is the majority. 1. If no candidate gets the majority, the House chooses the president.
15. Election of 1824: House chooses JQA
16. Election of 2000: Vs.
17. 2008 Electoral Votes Results
18. Step 7: Inauguration A. In January the electoral votes are read to Congress, and a winner is officially announced. B. 2 weeks later, the new president is sworn into office. 1. An oath to “preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States.”
19. •Electoral College Recap
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21. 21 20 Mock Election • Create a list of candidates (column A and B) • Divide into 2 groups/political parties. Each group nominates a candidate from their respective column. • Come back together, then break into groups of 3---each group is a “state” with a number of electoral votes. • Cast votes secretly and individually. Tally votes within each state, 2 out of 3 gets ALL the electoral votes.
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