A compound is a substance that is formed by combining two are more chemical elements. A mixture is a substance created from two or more matter that can be separated with the help of physical methods. Compound substances are always homogeneous in nature.
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2. How can you determine whether something is an element or not? They are all listed on the periodic table. ELEMENT SO NG
3. 1. Pure substance – Made of only 1 type of particle – Ex: copper wire only has copper atoms 2. Can’t be separated into simpler substances by chemical or physical means
4. 3. Each has a unique set of properties – Called characteristic properties – Can be physical or chemical 4. Classified by their properties Elements 1. Metals 2. Nonmetals Metals Metalloids 3. Metalloids Nonmetals
5. Develop the concept map by adding info. about metals, nonmetals, & metalloids METALLOIDS METALS •Shiny NONMETALS •Characteristics of metals and nonmetals •Good conductors •Dull (no shine) •Malleable •Poor conductors •Semiconductors •Ductile •At room temp, only a •Ex: silicon, germanium few are solids that •Ex: gold, silver, are brittle copper •Most are gases •Ex: hydrogen, oxygen, helium
6. Use placement on the Periodic Table to classify elements
7. • Do you know any compounds? • How are they different from elements? • Characteristics 1. Found in nature more often than pure elements 2. Have more than one element 3. Elements are chemically bonded to each other – Mg + O2 makes MgO 4. Pure substances that occur in fixed ratios by mass – 1g H to 8g of O in every water molecule 5. Can’t be separated by physical means 6. Have their own unique set of properties
8. CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
9. Mixtures • 2 or more substances that are not chemically bonded – So diff parts keep their own properties • Ex: – pizza – granite – Kool-aid – Brass – Jello • Parts do not occur in a definite ratio – Compare the 2 pepperoni pizzas
10. Mixtures • Can be physically separated by 1. Distillation 2. Magnet 3. Centrifuge 4. Filtration 5. Evaporation
11. ELEMENTS COMPOUNDS MIXTURES
12. Mixtures •Can be heterogeneous (see diff pieces) or homogeneous (uniform appearance) •Homogeneous mixtures are called solutions •Heterogeneous mixtures include suspensions •Colloids are classified as heterogeneous in some books and homogeneous in others
13. Solutions – look the same throughout From Chem4kids • How much solute can dissolve in water? • Solubility graph can tell you 1. Most compounds show a(n) ________ in solubility as temp. inc. 2. Which compound shows the greatest increase in solubility as temp inc? 3. Which compound(s) actually dec in solubility as temp inc.? 4. How much potassium nitrate will dissolve in 100 ml of water at 40oC? 5. How much sodium nitrate will dissolve in 100 ml of water at 90oC?
14. Solubility Graph 1. Which compound shows the greatest increase in solubility as temp inc? 2. Which compound(s) actually decrease in solubility as temp inc.? 3. Which compound has the highest solubility at 58oC?
15. Fill-in the Venn diagram with
16. •Ex: •Don’t scatter light/ Kool- light passes right thru aid, salt •Smallest solute water, particles brass •Do not settle out Can pour some •Pass thru filter paper •mixtures •Settle out on standing •Separate w/filter paper •Medium particle •Largest particle size (seen) •Scatter size •Ex: blood, muddy water, light •Don’t easily pour Italian salad dressing •Ex: Jell-o, fog, milk, mayo, whipped cream
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