There are two properties of matter which all substances are distinguished by, they are "physical properties" and "chemical properties." A block of ice changes its physical properties as it melts, but chemically it is the same water in either state.
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2. STATES OF MATTER • The Four States of Matter • Four States • Solid • Liquid • Gas • Plasma
3. STATES OF MATTER Based upon particle arrangement Based upon energy of particles Based upon distance between particles
4. Kinetic Theory of Matter Matter is made up of particles which are in continual random motion.
5. STATES OF MATTER SOLIDS •Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position. •Solids have a definite shape and a definite Heat
6. STATES OF MATTER LIQUID Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another. Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume. Heat
7. STATES OF MATTER GAS Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely. Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. Heat
8. PHASE CHANGES Description of Term for Phase Heat Movement During Phase Change Change Phase Change Heat goes into Solid to Melting the solid as it liquid melts. Heat leaves the Liquid to Freezing liquid as it freezes.
9. PHASE CHANGES Description of Term for Phase Heat Movement During Phase Change Change Phase Change Vaporization, Liquid to which includes Heat goes into the gas boiling and liquid as it vaporizes. evaporation Heat leaves the gas Gas to liquid Condensation as it condenses. Heat goes into the Solid to gas Sublimation solid as it sublimates.
10. But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levels… between 1000°C and 1,000,000,000°C ? Will everything just be a gas?
11. STATES OF MATTER PLASMA A plasma is an ionized gas. A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields. Plasmas, like gases • Plasma is the have an indefinite shape and an common state indefinite volume. of matter
12. STATES OF MATTER SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA Tightly packed, in Close together Well separated Has no definite a regular pattern with no regular with no regular volume or shape Vibrate, but do not arrangement. arrangement. and is composed move from place Vibrate, move Vibrate and move of electrical to place about, and slide freely at high charged particles past each other speeds
13. Some places where plasmas are found… 1. Flames
14. 2. Lightning
15. 3. Aurora (Northern Lights)
16. The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state
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